英语接不定式作宾语的动词的用法辨析精析精练 一、定义与结构 不定式是一种非限定动词形式,它没有时态和语态的变化,通常用来表达将来或一般的情况。在句子中,不定式可以作为宾语,即动作的接受者。这种结构通常由“动词+不定式”构成,不定式通常以“to+动词原形”的形式出现。 二、常见动词分类 能够接不定式作宾语的动词可以大致分为以下几类: 1. 要求类:如request, demand, require等。 2. 决定类:如decide, determine, resolve等。 3. 承诺类:如promise, agree, undertake等。 4. 希望类:如hope, expect, wish等。 5. 害怕类:如fear, dread, be afraid等。 新概念英语mp3 高中英语单词听力 新概念英语mp3下载 人教版初中英语mp3 三、动词+不定式用法 当动词后接不定式作宾语时,不定式通常表示该动词所表达的动作的具体内容。例如: * She decided to study abroad. * We agreed to meet at the park. 四、形式宾语+不定式 为了避免句子头重脚轻,有时会用“it”作为形式宾语,而将真正的不定式宾语放在句末。例如: * I think it necessary to learn a foreign language. 五、与V-ing形式对比 有些动词既可以接不定式作宾语,也可以接V-ing形式作宾语,但意义有所不同。例如: * forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(未做) * forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事(已做) 六、句子成分与位置 不定式作为宾语时,通常位于动词之后。但在一些情况下,为了强调或平衡句子结构,不定式宾语可以移至句首。例如: * To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 七、习惯用法与固定搭配 某些动词与不定式有固定的搭配关系,这些固定搭配通常是习惯用法,需要特别注意。例如: * afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 * agree to do sth. 同意做某事 八、注意事项与常见错误 在使用不定式作宾语时,需要注意以下几点: 1. 时态:不定式表示的动作通常是将来的或一般的,因此不需要加时态助动词。 2. 语态:不定式有主动和被动两种语态,需要根据上下文选择合适的语态。 3. 与V-ing形式的区别:虽然有些动词既可以接不定式也可以接V-ing形式作宾语,但两者在意义上有所区别,需要根据具体语境选择。 一、单项选择题 1. She promised _______ me the next day. A. to call B. calling C. called D. call 2. We decided _______ a picnic this weekend. A. having B. to have C. have D. had 3. I hope _______ you again soon. A. seeing B. to see C. see D. saw 4. They seem _______ very happy. A. to be B. being C. be D. to have 5. He afraid _______ the dog. A. to approach B. approaching C. approach D. approached 二、完成句子 1. She _______ (决定) to go abroad for further study. 2. They _______ (同意) help us with the project. 3. We _______ (期望) see you at the party. 4. I _______ (忘记) to tell you the good news. 5. He seems _______ (很难过). 三、改错 1. She likes to go swimming in the river. (改为否定句) She doesn't like to go swimming in the river. 2. We decided having a picnic this weekend. (改正错误) We decided to have a picnic this weekend. 3. He afraid approaching the dog. (改正错误) He is afraid of approaching the dog. 4. They seem happy. (改为同义句) They seem to be happy. 5. I forget to tell you the news. (改为一般疑问句) Did you forget to tell me the news? 四、根据中文意思完成句子 1. 我决定去旅行。 I _______ _______ go traveling. 2. 我希望再次见到你。 I _______ _______ see you again. 3. 他似乎很生气。 He seems _______ _______ very angry. 4. 他们同意帮助我们。 They _______ _______ help us. 5. 我忘了告诉你这个好消息。 I _______ _______ tell you the good news. ![]() |
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