解析英语陈述句和疑问句宾语从句的语序

解析英语陈述句和疑问句宾语从句的语序
宾语从句主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
英语宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
以下为英语宾语从句语序的例子：
I don't know who you are.这里who you are做know的宾语从句，是陈述语序。
Please tell me where she is.特殊疑问句里where she is变为陈述语序。
英语宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。具体如下：
当主句是陈述句时。
例如：I think that you are beautiful.
当主句是疑问句时。

例如：Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?

背单词的好方法
 随时随地背单词
 不知不觉背单词
 单词不用记

1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard.
When did he leave? I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.
Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is?
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
【典例】Miss Green didn’t tell us _______________ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【答案】D
【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，故选D。

1. —What did your father say to you just now?
—He asked me _______________.
A. that I would like to see a movie
B. where I will spend my holiday
C. if I enjoyed myself at the party
D. when did I attend the graduation party
2. —Richard is studying in Germany. I wonder _______________.
—On the phone.
A. how his parents keep in touch with him
B. why his parents keep in touch with him
C. how do his parents keep in touch with him
D. why do his parents keep in touch with him
3. — Could you please tell me _______________?
—Ten years ago.
A. when you taught in this school
B. when did you teach in this school
C. how long you taught in this school
D. how long did you teach in this school
4. — Look at the man in blue! Do you know _______________?[
—Oh, he is a policeman.
A. what does he
B. what he does
C. how he does
5.—Could you tell me _______________?
—Every four years. The 24th will take place in China in 2022.
A. how long the Winter Olympic Games last
B. how long do the Winter Olympic Games last
C. how often are the Winter Olympic Games held
D. how often the Winter Olympic Games are held
6.—I am worried about _______________.
—Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.
A. how have I prepared for my final exams
B. if I can get great grades in the final exams
C. that my school team lost the game because of my fault
D. why did my school team lose the game
7. —Excuse me, but could you please tell me _______________?
—Sure.
A. where is the restroom
B. when the store opens
C. what time does it begin
8.—Could you please tell me _______________, Sonia?
—It’s on the first Tuesday of May. We hold special parties and give teachers thank-you notes that day.
A. if you had Teachers’ Day in America
B. when Teachers’ Day is in America
C. what you did on Teachers’ Day
D. how do you show your thanks to your teachers
9. To my surprise, my grandma suddenly asked me _______________ get the ＂Red Packets＂ on QQ.
A. that she could
B. how she could
C. what could she
D. whether could she
10.—Excuse me. I’d like to take exercise but I’m new here. Could you please tell me _______________?
—Follow me. I’ll take you there.
A. how I can get to the airport
B. where the supermarket is
C. How to get to the police station
D. which is the way to the sports center
1. C【解析】句意：——你爸爸刚才和你说什么了？——他问我在聚会上是否玩得很开心。根据He asked me，可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法。在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序，选项D是疑问句语序，排除掉。再根据He asked me可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时，那么宾语从句就要相应的用过去时，选项B是will，不符合时态要求，排除掉。在这里ask的意思是询问，后面跟的宾语从句应该有疑问的语气，所以这里使用的引导词是if，排除A。故选C。
2. A【解析】句意：——理查德正在德国学习。我想知道他的父母是如何与他联系的？——电话联系。此句是宾语从句，从句应该用陈述句的语序，排除C、D；根据答语可知，是询问方式。故选A。
3. A【解析】句意：——请告诉我你什么时候在这所学校教书，好吗？——十年前。作为动词tell的宾语从句，要用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，故排除B、D两项。根据Ten years ago可知此处询问什么时候，应用疑问词when，故选A。
4. B【解析】句意：——看那个穿着蓝色衣服的男人。你知道他是干什么的吗？——哦，他是个警察。宾语从句的结构：主语+谓语+连接词+从句。从句在句中作宾语。从句要用陈述句的语序。如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选择时态，如果主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。但是从句是客观真理，一般用一般现在时态。A选项语序错误；C项中的疑问词有误，提问职业用what。故选B。
5. D【解析】句意：——你能告诉我冬季奥运会多久举行一次吗？——每四年一次。第二十四届将在2022年在中国举行。how long 多长时间；how often多久一次。根据回答可知引导词用how often；宾语从句用陈述句语序，故选D。
6. B【解析】句意：——我在担心我是否可以在毕业考试中取得好的成绩。——不论结果如何，不要对自己太苛刻。A.我对毕业考试准备得怎样。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；B.我是否可以在毕业考试中取得好的成绩；C.因为我的错，我们校队比赛失败了。结果已出来了，与后句的whatever the result is相矛盾。错；D.为什么我们校队比赛失败了。宾语从句应用陈述句语序。故选B。
7. B【解析】句意：——对不起，但是请问你可以告诉我商店什么时候开吗？——当然。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。故选B。
8. B【解析】句意：——请问，你可以告诉我在美国教师节是什么时候吗，索尼娅？——在五月第一个星期二。在那一天，我们为老师举办特别的晚会，并给老师们感谢信。回答的是时间，与教师节相关；宾语从句用陈述句语序，故选B。
9. B【解析】句意：让我惊讶的是，我的奶奶突然问我她怎样能在QQ上拿到＂红包＂。根据主句谓语动词asked可知该宾语从句是由疑问句变来的。在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，故选B。
10. D【解析】句意：——打扰了。我想锻炼，但是我是新来的。请问，你能告诉我去体育中心的路是哪一条吗？——跟我来。我带你去那儿。A.我怎样可以去机场；B.超市在哪里；C.怎样去派出所；D. 去体育中心的路是哪一条。故选D。

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解析英语陈述句和疑问句宾语从句的语序

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